Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Prostate to Assess Disease Progression and Genomics in Patients Undergoing Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer
Background: Active surveillance (AS) is a standard approach to treat low and intermediate risk prostate cancer. For AS, disease progression is monitored. AS uses biopsies, prostate specific antigen (PSA) blood tests, and other tools. Researchers want to see if multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) can help improve AS.
Objective: To see if mpMRI can improve how people are monitored during AS.
Eligibility: Men age 18 and older who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer within the last 2 years.
Design: Participants will undergo AS. Their PSA level will be checked once a year via blood test. They will have a digital rectal exam once a year. Participants will have biopsies every 2-3 years. Needles will be put into different parts of the prostate. The needles are guided by ultrasound imaging. Participants will also have targeted biopsies with mpMRI and MRI guided fusion (MRI-US fusion). MRI-US fusion combines previous MRI images with live ultrasound images. For MRIs, participants will lie on their stomach on the scanner table. A coil may be placed in the rectum. Participants will have a physical exam and medical record review at least every 3 years. Their weight and vital signs will be checked. They will give data about their daily activities, side effects, and symptoms. Every 2-3 years, participants will fill out surveys about their prostate health and quality of life. Participants may give blood, urine, prostate secretion, and saliva samples. The samples will be used for research. Participation will last for as long as the participant does not need actual treatment for his prostate cancer....
• Participants must have confirmed histopathological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate within 2 years prior to study entry. Pathologic diagnosis must be confirmed by Laboratory of Pathology, NCI. If archival tissue is unavailable or insufficient for this purpose, a fresh biopsy will be collected.
• Biopsy confirmed prostate cancer with Gleason less than or equal to 3+4=7 (primary pattern 3)
• Clinical stage: cT1C or cT2A
• Adult males, greater than or equal to 18 years old
⁃ NOTE: Children are excluded because prostate cancer is not common in pediatric populations. Women are not eligible because this disease occurs only in men.
• Ability of subject to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document All participants should have a consent signed that demonstrates an understanding of active surveillance and the decision to choose active surveillance for their prostate cancer.
• Subjects must be co-enrolled to NCI protocol 16-C-0010 Care of the Prostate Cancer Patient and Prospective Procurement of Prostate Cancer Tissue